Free calculator · ACI 318-19 · LRFD

Concrete Beam Design Calculator

Flexural strength of singly reinforced rectangular beams — stress block, φMₙ, and the minimum-steel check. Answer in five seconds; every step spelled out below.

Every equation verified against the ACI 318-19 registry · No account required

Quick answer

Inputs
See the full calculation ↓Results update as you type.
Result
Required strength, Mu184.3 kip·ft
Design strength, ϕMn213.4 kip·ft
Steel provided vs minimum, As2.37 in² (min 1.00)
Governing ratio
0.86
PASS
Governs: flexure · flexure 0.86 / min steel 0.42 · a = 2.99 in

The full calculation, spelled out

Below is the live CalcPackage editor in public view — the same worksheet an engineer would stamp: bar areas from the ASTM tables, the equivalent stress block, the cited φ factor, and both pass/fail checks in sequence.

Change any input — every dependent block recomputes. Drop to two bars and watch minimum reinforcement take over from flexure. Click ✦ Explain on any block — including why the 3√f'c constant secretly carries √psi units and how the worksheet makes that explicit.

With a free account you get full authoring control: doubly reinforced sections, T-beams, shear stirrups. You can change any number — sign up free to change the math.

Live worksheet
Scroll for the full editor view…

Make it yours

A free account turns this calculator into your worksheet — your edits in this tab carry over when you sign up.

Edit the math, not just the numbers

Add blocks, change equations, rename variables, restructure sections. The full editor with 3 worksheets, no card required.

FREE

Save versions & export PDF

Submittal-ready calc packages with title blocks, page numbers, and revision history. Watermark removed on Pro.

FREE · PRO

AI that you can verify

Describe a problem; get a complete scaffold built only from pre-verified code equations. Every block carries its chain of custody — you stay the author of record.

DEMOS FREE · FULL ON PRO

Pick up exactly where you left off

Sign up free and this worksheet — with the inputs you just changed — becomes the first one in your account. No credit card.

How this calculator works

The calculator checks a simply supported, singly reinforced rectangular concrete beam using LRFD per ACI 318-19. The factored load is wᵤ = 1.2w_D + 1.6w_L (ASCE 7-22 load combination 2) with Mᵤ = wᵤL²/8 at midspan. From horizontal equilibrium the equivalent stress block depth is a = A_s f_y / (0.85 f'_c b), and the design strength is φMₙ = 0.90 · A_s f_y (d − a/2) for a tension-controlled section. Minimum flexural reinforcement is the larger of the 3√f'_c/f_y and 200/f_y bounds (Eq. 9.6.1.2) times b·d.

Assumptions and limitations

Simply supported single span, uniform load, singly reinforced rectangular section, normalweight concrete, and a tension-controlled section (εt ≥ 0.005, so φ = 0.90 — verified for the default geometry). Shear and stirrup design, deflection, crack control, development lengths, and T-beam behavior are covered in the full editor templates. This calculator is a design aid — engineering judgment and final responsibility rest with the licensed engineer of record.

Frequently asked questions

Is d the beam height?

No — d is the effective depth, from the compression face to the centroid of the tension steel. It already nets out cover, the stirrup, and half the bar diameter. For a 24-inch-deep beam with #8 bars and #4 stirrups, d ≈ 21.5 in.

Why does minimum steel govern with small bars?

Lightly reinforced beams can fail abruptly when the concrete cracks — ACI 9.6.1.2 requires enough steel that the reinforced section is at least as strong as the uncracked one. Drop to two #5 bars and watch that check, not flexure, become the story.

Is the calculation verified?

Yes. Every equation is matched against CalcPackage's ACI 318-19 equation registry — including the hidden-unit √f'c constant, which is registered with explicit psi^0.5 units — and dimension-checked on every recomputation.